Professional journalism is a form of news reporting Journalism is the production of news reports and editorials through media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television and the Internet. Journalists—be they writers, editors, photographers, broadcast presenters or producers—serve as the main purveyors of information and opinion in contemporary society which developed in the United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the at the beginning of the 20th century, along with formal schools of journalism which arose at major universities. As documented by Robert McChesney Robert W. McChesney is an American professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He is the Gutgsell Endowed Professor in the Department of Communication. His work concentrates on the history and political economy of communication, emphasizing the role media play in democratic and capitalist societies. He is the President and co-, "[n]one of these schools existed in 1900; by 1915, all the major schools such as Columbia, Northwestern, Missouri Missouri (pronounced /mɨˈzʊəri/ , and infrequently locally /mɨˈzʊərə/) is a state in the Midwest region of the United States bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. Missouri is the 18th most populous state. It comprises 114 counties and one independent city. Missouri's capital is Jefferson, and Indiana The State of Indiana ( /ɪndiˈænə/ ) was the 19th U.S. state admitted into the union. It is a Northern state located in the Great Lakes region of the United States of America. With about 6.3 million residents, it is ranked 16th in population and 17th in population density. Indiana is ranked 38th in land area and of the lower 48 states, Indiana were in full swing."

According to McChesney, professional journalism arose in the response to the capitalist imperative of consolidation. As the many independent newspapers which existed at the turn of the century, often with a radical agenda and with no presumption of balance or objectivity, were acquired and consolidated, the large resulting newspapers A newspaper is a publication containing news, information, and advertising. General-interest newspapers often feature articles on political events, crime, business, art/entertainment, society and sports. Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page containing columns that express the personal opinions of writers. Supplementary sections understood they needed to appear balanced and objective to their audience and advertisers Advertising is a form of communication that typically attempts to persuade potential customers to purchase or to consume more of a particular brand of product or service. “While now central to the contemporary global economy and the reproduction of global production networks, it is only quite recently that advertising has been more than a. Thus, professional codes developed, as well as the academic programs to fill these positions.

External links

The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page.
Journalism Journalism is the production of news reports and editorials through media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television and the Internet. Journalists—be they writers, editors, photographers, broadcast presenters or producers—serve as the main purveyors of information and opinion in contemporary society
Professional issues News News is the communication of information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third party or mass audience • Writing News style is the prose style used for news reporting in media such as newspapers, radio and television. News style encompasses not only vocabulary and sentence structure, but also the way in which stories present the information in terms of relative importance, tone, and intended audience • Ethics Journalism ethics and standards comprise principles of ethics and of good practice as applicable to the specific challenges faced by professional journalists. Historically and currently, this subset of media ethics is widely known to journalists as their professional "code of ethics" or the "canons of journalism". The basic • Objectivity Objectivity is a significant principle of journalistic professionalism. Journalistic objectivity can refer to fairness, disinterestedness, factuality, and most importantly, nonpartisanship, but most often encompasses all of these qualities • Values News values, sometimes called "news criteria," determine how much prominence a news story is given by a media outlet, and the attention it is given by the audience. A. Boyd states that: “News journalism has a broadly agreed set of values, often referred to as ‘newsworthiness…”. News values are not universal and can vary widely • Attribution Examples of sources include official records, publications or broadcasts, officials in government or business, organizations or corporations, witnesses of crime, accidents or other events, and people involved with or affected by a news event or issue. According to Shoemaker and McQuail (1994) there are a multitude of factors that tend to condition • Defamation In law, defamation (also called calumny, libel , slander (for spoken words), and vilification) is the communication of a statement that makes a claim, expressly stated or implied to be factual, that may give an individual, business, product, group, government or nation a negative image. It is usually, but not always, a requirement that this claim • Editorial independence Editorial independence is the freedom of editors to make decisions without interference from the owners of a publication. Editorial independence is tested, for instance, if a newspaper runs articles that may be unpopular with its advertising customers • Education A journalism school is a school or department, usually part of an established university, where journalists are trained. An increasingly used short form for a journalism department, school or college is 'j-school'. Many of the most famous and respected journalists of the past and present had no formal training in journalism, but learned their • Other topics News • Writing • Ethics • Objectivity • Values • Attribution • Defamation • Editorial independence • Education • Other topics
Fields Arts Arts journalism is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of the arts. This can include, but is not limited to, film, literature, music, theater, and architecture. Traditionally, journalists and critics writing about the arts had a background in writing and the arts; there was no formal advanced training in this field • Business Business journalism is the branch of journalism that tracks, records, analyses and interprets the economic changes that take place in a society. It could include anything from personal finance, to business at the local market to the malls, to performance of well-known and not-so-well-known companies • Entertainment Entertainment journalism is an umbrella term used to describe all forms of journalism that focus on the entertainment business and its products. Like fashion journalism, entertainment journalism covers industry-specific news while targeting general audiences beyond those working in the industry itself. Common forms include television and film • Environment Environmental journalism is the collection, verification, production, distribution and exhibition of information regarding current events, trends, issues and people that are associated with the non-human world with which humans necessarily interact. To be an environmental journalist, one must have an understanding of scientific language and • Fashion Fashion journalism is an umbrella term used to describe all aspects of published fashion media. It includes fashion writers, fashion critics or fashion reporters. The most obvious examples of fashion journalism are the fashion features in magazines and newspapers, but the term also includes books about fashion, fashion related reports on • Medicine Medical journalism is the dissemination of health-related information through mainstream media outlets. Medical issues are widely reported, and these reports influence doctors, the general public, and the government. The coverage is often criticized for being misleading, inaccurate, or speculative. Several web sites and journals review medical • Politics Political journalism is a broad branch of journalism that includes coverage of all aspects of politics and political science, although the term usually refers specifically to coverage of civil governments and political power • Science Science journalism is a relatively new branch of journalism, which uses the art of reporting to convey information about science topics to a public forum. The communication of scientific knowledge through mass media requires a special relationship between the world of science and news media, which is still just beginning to form • Sports Sports journalism is a form of journalism that reports on sports topics and events. While the sports department within some newspapers has been mockingly called the toy department, because sports journalists do not concern themselves with the 'serious' topics covered by the news desk, sports coverage has grown in importance as sport has grown in • Tech Technical journalism is a branch of journalism that uses the art of reporting to convey information about technology to the public • Trade Trade journalism reports on the movements and developments of the business world by way of articles or analysis. Trade journalism also refers to industry-specific news, such as exclusive focus on commodities or sectors (finance, travel, food). Due to its business nature, trade journalism is often expected to process and interpret a substantial • Traffic A traffic report is an element of a radio program or TV news broadcast that informs listeners about general traffic conditions. The reports generally list the locations and severity of traffic accidents, construction detours and slowdowns, etc., on the roadways within the broadcast area. In the United States, the broadcast area is generally • Weather Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia, and formally since at least the nineteenth century. Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about the current
Genres Advocacy Advocacy journalism is a genre of journalism that intentionally and transparently adopts a non-objective viewpoint, usually for some social or political purpose. Because it is intended to be factual, it is distinguished from propaganda. It is also distinct from instances of media bias and failures of objectivity in media outlets, which attempt to • Churnalism In his book Flat Earth News, the British journalist Nick Davies reported a study at Cardiff University by Professor Justin Lewis and a team of researchers which found that 80% of the stories in Britain's quality press were not original and that only 12% of stories were generated by reporters. The result is a reduction of quality and accuracy as • Citizen Citizen journalism should not be confused with community journalism or civic journalism, which are practiced by professional journalists, or collaborative journalism, which is practiced by professional and non-professional journalists working together. Citizen journalism is a specific form of citizen media as well as user generated content • Civic The civic journalism movement is, according to professor David K. Perry of the University of Alabama, an attempt to abandon the notion that journalists and their audiences are spectators in political and social processes. In its place, the civic journalism movement seeks to treat readers and community members as participants. With a small but • Conspiracy Conspiracy journalism represents a genre of journalism that has elements of advocacy journalism and investigative journalism. It typically intends to expose or reveal a plan, plot or conspiracy towards a group of innocents. Conspiracy journalism usually exists in the lesser known sections of media and may have significant political or religious • Database Database journalism was born in the 1950's as a synonym for computer-assisted reporting. Since then, computers have become ubiquitous, to the point that database journalism in its original meaning has come to merge with the very definition of journalism • Gonzo • Investigative Investigative journalism is a type of reporting in which reporters deeply investigate a topic of interest, often involving crime, political corruption, or some other scandal • Literary Creative nonfiction is a genre of writing truth which uses literary styles and techniques to create factually accurate narratives. Creative nonfiction contrasts with other nonfiction, such as technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but is not primarily written in service to its craft. As a genre, creative nonfiction • Muckraker A muckraker is an individual who seeks to expose or reveal corruption of businesses or government to the public. The term originates from writers of the Progressive movement in America who wanted to expose corruption and scandals in government and business. Muckrakers often wrote about the wretchedness of urban life and poverty, and against the • Narrative Narrative journalism is also commonly referred to as literary journalism, which is defined as creative nonfiction that, if well written, contains accurate and well-researched information and also holds the interest of the reader. It is also related to immersion journalism, a term used to describe a situation when a writer follows a subject or • New New Journalism was a style of 1960s and 1970s news writing and journalism which used literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time. The term was codified with its current meaning by Tom Wolfe in a 1973 collection of journalism articles he published as The New Journalism, which included works by himself, Truman Capote, Hunter S. Thompson, • Opinion Opinion journalism is journalism that makes no claim of objectivity. Although distinguished from advocacy journalism in several ways, both forms feature a subjective viewpoint, usually with some social or political purpose. Common examples include newspaper columns, editorials, editorial cartoons, and punditry • Visual At a time of accelerating change, often words cannot keep pace with concepts. Visual journalism incorporates ancient symbols that resonate with humans across cultures and across time and convey meaning instantaneously at a deep level. Visual journalism is an outgrowth of the practice of graphic facilitation and recording that began entering • Watchdog Watchdog journalism refers to forms of activist journalism aimed at holding accountable public personalities and institutions whose functions impact social and political life. The term lapdog journalism is sometimes used as a conceptual opposite to watchdog journalism
Social impact Fourth Estate Fourth Estate is a term referring to the press. The term goes back at least to Thomas Carlyle in the first half of the 19th century. Thomas Macaulay used it in 1828 • Fifth Estate The term "Fifth Estate" has no fixed meaning, but is used to describe any class or group in society other than the clergy , the nobility (Second Estate), the commoners (Third Estate), and the press (Fourth Estate). It has been used to describe trade unions, the poor, and organized crime. It can also be used to describe media outlets that • Freedom of the press Freedom of the press consists of constitutional or statutory protections pertaining to the media and published materials • Infotainment Infotainment is "information-based media content or programming that also includes entertainment content in an effort to enhance popularity with audiences and consumers." It is a neologistic portmanteau of information and entertainment, referring to a type of media which provides a combination of information and entertainment. According • Media bias Media bias refers to the real and perceived bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media, in the selection of which events and stories are reported and how they are covered. The term "media bias" usually implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an • Public relations • Yellow journalism
News media Newspapers • Magazines • News agencies • Broadcast • Online • Photojournalism • Alternative media
Roles Journalist • Reporter • Editor • Columnist • Commentator • Photographer • Presenter • Meteorologist • Production manager • Intern
This journalism-related article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.

Categories: Journalism

 

The above information uses material from Wikipedia and is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Some facts may not have been fully verified for accuracy. [Disclaimers]
This page was last archived by our server on Tue Jul 7 20:27:54 2009. [ refresh local cache ]
Displaying this page or its contents does not use any Wikimedia Foundation's resources.
The owners of this site proudly support the Wikimedia Foundation.

[Hide]▼
'Professional Journalism' News
Reports of Journalism's Death Are Greatly Exaggerated - MediaShift Idea Lab
news.google.com
Reports of Journalism's Death Are Greatly Exaggerated

MediaShift Idea Lab

... for expressing these views often wouldn't even exist if it weren't for the money made, ultimately, from institutions built upon professional journalism . ...



and more »
Google News Search: Professional journalism,
Sun Jul 5 18:52:44 2009
'Professional Journalism' Images
journalism2 small jpg
jedavisphoto.com
journalism2 small jpg
133px x 195px | 12.80kB

[source page]



Yahoo Images Search: Professional journalism,
Sat Jul 11 14:20:40 2009
'Professional Journalism' Blogs
The continuing need for professional journalism
blog.holtz.com
The continuing need for professional journalism



Mon, 18 May 2009 20:26:03 GM

I ve been picking up a lot of increased chatter echoing the notion that the crowd bloggers, Twitterers, and so forth are poised to render the . professional journalism. unnecessary. These screeds generally decry . journalism. s shortcomings ...

Google Blogs Search: Professional journalism,
Mon Jul 6 01:21:01 2009
'Professional Journalism' Answers
What does journalism entail?
Q. I am currently a freshmen in college looking to major in professional writing. I am very interested in journalism, but don't know very much about it. Could anyone inform me what to expect, how difficult it is to get into the career, what I schould study, etc.? Thank you!!! sp. correction *should
Asked by Evie H - Wed Aug 27 16:06:35 2008 - - 2 Answers - 0 Comments

A. being a writer and a journalist are two different things. Journalism has structure and a format when you're writing and you cannot be shy because you will be interviewing, questioning and proding people to no avail. Courses in journalism will probably teach you ethics, history, basic reporting and more detailed areas (the law, the courts, ect.) It is not difficult if it's something you really want to do and pursue. Write for your college paper to get a taste of what you're expected to do. Also, what is your minor - are you into politics (you could be a political reporter), sports (you could write about college/professional sports). Take a few elective courses to hone in on your other interests so you can expand what you do with your… [cont.]
Answered by Telling It Like It Is - Thu Aug 28 22:19:44 2008

Yahoo Answers Search: Professional journalism,
Tue Jun 23 20:33:35 2009
[Hide]▲